现在完成时课件.ppt

PresentPerfectTense 现在完成时 Presentperfecttense现在完成时 构成 have has 过去分词 过去分词的变化分规则与不规则两种 规则变化与过去式相同 不规则变化需要另记 过去分词的构成 1 规则动词的过去分词和它的过去式相同 即在原形后加 ed 以e结尾的加 d work workedarrive arrived 2 以y结尾的改y为i edstudy studiedtry tried 3 以重读闭音节结尾的双写最后一个字母 edstop stoppeddrag dragged 4 有些动词的过去分词是不规则的 需要逐个记忆 背熟不规则动词表 go gonetake taken A 肯定句主语 助动词have has 动词过去分词 B 否定句主语 助动词have has not 动词过去分词 C 一般疑问句助动词Have Has 主语 动词过去分词 肯定回答 否定回答 Yes 主语 have has No 主语 have hasnot haven t hasn t 二 句式 D 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 have has 主语 动词过去分词 用法一 表示过去的发生的动作对现在造成的的影响或结果 即它的 完成用法 常与already 已经 just 刚刚 ever 曾经 yet 尚 还 never 从来没有 before 在 以前 等连用 例如 Ihavejustcleanedmyclothes 我刚洗过衣服 洗衣服 是发生在过去的动作 对现在造成的结果是 衣服干净了 对比 Icleanedmyclothesyesterday 我昨天洗了衣服 强调的是我昨天洗了衣服这件事 它的时间状语通常为already 已经 just 刚刚 ever 曾经 yet 尚 还 never 从来没有 before 在 以前 等 already多用于肯定句Eg Ihavealreadyfinishedit just一般用于肯定句中 谓语动词前Ihavejustmethim yet用于否定句和疑问句尾eg Hashefinishedhishomeworkyet ever多用于疑问句Eg HasJaneeverbeentoShanghai 用already just ever yet never填空1 Haveyou visitedtheGeatWall 2 Hehas finishedhishomework sohecangotoplaybasketball 3 Hehas left whenyoucomeback 4 Haveyouwateredtheplants 5 Ihave seensuchaninterestingfilmbefore ever already just yet never rcises 1 I have lunchalready 2 Hasthetrain arrive yet 3 Tom never beto China 4 Thetwin just see myfather havehad arrived has beento has seen 用法二 for 一段时间since 一个时间点since 一段时间agosince 一般过去时句子E g Katehaslivedherefor3years Katehaslivedheresince2000 Katehaslivedheresince3yearsago KatehaslivedheresinceshecametoChina 表示过去已经开始 一直持续到现在的动作或状态 并且有可能再持续下去 动词使用延续性动词 常与for或since引导的时间连用 用since或者for填空1 Mybrotherhasworkedinthisshool 2006 2 TheGermanshavelivedinthecity tenyeas 3 Ihavehadthisbook twodaysago since for since IV 分清for和since的用法1 Wehaven tseeneachother alongtime 2 HisfatherhasbeenintheParty 10yearsago 3 Thefilmhasbeenon 20minutes 4 MrGreenhasworkedhere hecametoChina 5 Hisgrandparentshavebeendead severalyears 6 It sfiveyears wemetlasttime for since for since for since Fillintheblanks 英语动词 延续性动词 终止性动词 begin start die buy leave come 不能与表示一段时间的状语 for 时间段 since 时间点 从句连用 也不能用在howlong引导的特殊疑问句中 终止性表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成 不能再延续 终止性动词要表示持续时 可用以下方法 将时间状语改为时间段 ago 句中谓语动词用一般过去时 eg 我弟弟参军两年了 Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago 若保留for 时间段 since 时间点 从句 或用在howlong句型中 则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词 begin start die buy leave come 常见短暂性动词转化为延续性动词的有 come go beleave beaway from come arrive bein at 地点begin start beondie bedeadbuy haveborrow keepcatchacold haveacoldclose beclosedjoin beamemberofbein 组织名称fallill beill come go leave come arrive begin start die buy borrow catchacold close join fallill bebeaway from bein at 地点beondeadhavekeephaveacoldbeclosedbeamemberofbein 组织名称beill rcises Hisfatherhasdied for2years Thefootballmatchhasbegun since9 00a m Thetwinshavejoinedthearmy sincetheywere18yearsold MyteacherhasleftNanjing for3days Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years Thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9 00a m Thetwinshavebeeninthearmysincetheyare18yearsold MyteacherhasbeenawayfromNanjingfor3days TorF1 我买了这块手表五年了 2 这位老人已经死了十年了 Ihaveboughtthiswatchforfiveyears Ihavehadthiswatchforfiveyears since5yearsago Iboughtthiswatchfiveyearsago Theoldmanhasdiedfortenyears Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortenyears since10yearsago Theoldmandied10yearsago F F T T T T III 分清终止性动词和延续性动词 have hasgonetohave hasbeentohave hasbeenin have hasgoneto 去了某地 已经去了或在途中 还没有返回 have hasbeento 去过某地 曾经去过某地 现在已经回来了 后面可接表示 次数 的状语 have hasbeenin at 呆在某地 表示某人 已在某地停留一段时间 现仍在那里 其后常带表示一段时间的状语 B A A B B A stay rcises Tom在哪儿 他去书店买书了 我在北京待了5年了 Jack去过上海两次了 WhereisTom Hethebookshoptobuysomebooks IBeijingfor5years JackShanghaitwice hasgoneto havebeenin hasbeento Correcting 1 Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months 2 Mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18 3 JackandTomhavelivedheresince5years 4 ThefilmhasbeenonsinceIhavecometothecinema 5 WhenhasMr Licaughtabadcold havekept hasbeenin beenamemberofthearmy since5yearsago for5years came did catch 6 Tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried 7 JimhasgonetoBeijingfor2years 8 Whattimehavethefactoryopened 9 IhavegonetoChunhuaMiddleSchooltwice has hasbeenin did open beento 现在完成时与一般过去时 一般过去时和现在完成时的动作都发生在过去 但意义却不同 1 一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态 和现在没有关系 2 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响 强调的是现在 如 IlearnedtenEnglishsongs 说明过去学过 现在是否记得 不是本句的内容 IhavelearnttenEnglishsongs learn发生在过去 但强调我现在懂英语歌曲 1 都表示过去发生的事2 现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系 不能和具体的时间状语连用如 yesterday lastyear threedaysago justnow in1990等 3 一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用 last ago yesterday etc present past Ihavelivedherefortwoyears Ilivedthere2yearsago 2 一般过去时可以和表示过去的时间状语连用 如 yesterday lastyear threedaysago justnow in1990等 现在完成时不能 eg 1 Hehadhisbreakfastat6 00Hehashadhisbreakfast 2 Whendidyoucomehere IwatchedthefootballmatchonTVat9 00 现在完成时注意四个分清 考点 1 分清与一般过去时的用法2 分清终止性动词和延续性动词 3 分清hasbeento hasgoneto4 分清for since ago的用法 1 Yourbrotherisn tathome Whereishe He toBeijing He forover2months Ahasbeen hasleftBhasgone hasgoneChasgone hasbeenaway2 HaveyoumetMrLi A justB agoC beforeD amomentago3 HarryPotterisaverynicefilm I ittwice A willseeB haveseenC sawD see C 现在完成时还与once 一次 twice 两次 threetimes 三次 severaltimes 几次 等表示重复次数的词语连用 C B 4 ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates Really When there A willtheygoB didtheygoC dotheygoD havetheygone B 5 you yourhomeworkyet Yes I itanhourago A Did do finishedB Have finished didC Have done havefinishedD will do finish B 1 Let sgotoseetheshow I it It sveryinteresting AhaveseenBseeCamseeing 2They alltheirmoney sotheyhavetowalkhome AspendBhadspentChavespentDwillspend 3We ourbreakfast We itatschoolat6 30 Ahavehad havehadBhavehad hadChad havehadDhad had A C B 4 Haveyouever mystamps Yes I themonyourdeskyesterday Asaw sawBsaw seenCseen sawDseen wasseeing 5 YouhaveneverbeentotheWestLake you No never AdoBdidChaven tDhave 6HehasgonetoQingdaoforsummerholidays he Aisn tBwasn tChasn tDdoesn t C D C 7 you tothehospitalyet Yes Ihave AHave beenBHave goneCHas beenDHas gone 8 HaveyouimprovedyourspokenEnglish Yes Ihave I ve improvedit Aalready yetBalready alreadyCyet alreadyDyet yet A C 9 Haveyouseenthefilm Yes Isawitthreeyears Aago beforeBbefore agoCago agoDbefore before 10Tom theCDplayerfortwoweeks Ahasseen yetBhaven tseen yetChasn tseen alreadyDhasn tseen yet B D 11I thestorybookforaweek AhaveboughtBhaveborrowedChavehadDhavesent 12Hurryup Thefilm fortenminutes AhasbeenonBbeganChasbegunDhadbegun 13Thetrain fortenminutesAarrivedBwentChasleftDhasbeenaway C A D 15InBeijingmanypeople theGreatWallmanytimesalready AhavegonetoBhavebeentoCwenttoDgoto 16It sfiveyearssince AheleftBhehasbeenawayChehasleftDheleaves B A rcises IamanAmericanboyIcametoChinatwoyearsago I study herefortwoyears Myfatheroften take me play footballontheplayground LastweekI take totheparkbyhim Wesawalotofmonkeys jump inthetree IheardavoicefrombehindWhenI walk alongtheriver Ithoughtmyself Itmust be Mr Brown He take photos We enjoy thatday We go backtoAmericanextweek havestudied takes toplay wastaken walked jump be istaking enjoyed willgo